给vagrant拉起来的机器加一块硬盘

通过VBoxManage 工具给虚拟机增加硬盘.

2022-07-22 15:49:31

#1、 创建50GB 的vdi硬盘
VBoxManage createvdi --filename "/gpmaster/gpseg-1_down/VirtualBox VMs/meta_meta_1651042401911_2096/meta-50g.vdi" --size 51200

#2、将第一步创建的硬盘attach到虚拟机上  
VBoxManage storageattach meta_meta_1651042401911_2096 --storagectl SATA --port 0 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "/gpmaster/gpseg-1_down/VirtualBox VMs/meta_meta_1651042401911_2096/meta-50g.vdi"

# 3、如果第二步报错: sata控制器未开启先执行以下命令开启再执行第二步(必须关机状态)
VBoxManage storagectl meta_meta_1651042401911_2096 --name SATA --add sata --controller IntelAhci --bootable on

lsblk查看新加的硬盘

[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#df -Th
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     7.8G  180K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     7.8G  156M  7.7G   2% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1      xfs        40G   39G  1.5G  97% /
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  40G  0 disk
`-sda1   8:1    0  40G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0  50G  0 disk

fdisk格式化硬盘

[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#fdisk  /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1daa8e3b.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 #几个分区
First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048):# 扇区起始位置
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599):# 扇区结束位置
Using default value 104857599
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 50 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1daa8e3b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048   104857599    52427776   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w # 保存
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#
[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  40G  0 disk
`-sda1   8:1    0  40G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0  50G  0 disk
`-sdb1   8:17   0  50G  0 part
[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#partprobe /dev/sdb # 重新载入磁盘分区信息
[root@meta /etc/prometheus]# 

xfs_growfs 和 mkfs.xfs区别

mkfs.xfs格式化没有做lvm的磁盘

xfs_growfs格式化做了lvm的磁盘

[root@meta /etc/prometheus]#mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1 # 不同文件系统使用不同的格式化命令
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276736 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13106944, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=6399, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

umount报 target is busy

[root@meta /tmp]#df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           7.8G  180K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           7.8G  792M  7.0G  10% /run
tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1        40G   21G   20G  51% /
/dev/sdb1        50G   13G   38G  26% /prometheus
tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
[root@meta /tmp]#mount /dev/sdb1 /prometheus

[root@meta /data/prometheus/data]#umount -v /dev/sdb1
umount: /data: target is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

解决

对付系统文件正忙的另一种方法是执行延迟卸载：
[root@meta /data/prometheus/data]#umount -vl /data/
umount: /data (/dev/sdb1) unmounted
延迟卸载（lazy unmount）会立即卸载目录树里的文件系统，等到设备不再繁忙时才清理所有相关资源